Killing off the Competition

In August 1929, James W. Upton, Editor of the republican newspaper, Honesty, discovered that that Seán Lemass and Gerald Boland, the Secretaries of the Fianna Fáil party, had issued a circular to their members that blackballed Honesty and promoted the sales of The Nation, a publication that Fianna Fáil's leader, Éamon de Valera, had recently brought under his control. The event that triggered this action was Upton's decision to publish an article critical of the Fianna Fáil leadership, something Upton did in the interest of freedom of speech. Upton, who was sympathetic to the Fianna Fáil cause, dubbed Lemass and Boland, ‘the Dublin Junta’ and accused them of launching an underhand attack to further their own careers and party ambitions. Fianna Fáil retaliated in the pages of The Nation, declaring that Honesty was no longer a republican journal and thereby destroying Honesty's readership. An exploration of these events reveals political duplicity and a fundamental misfit between the views of a republican idealist and hardheaded professional politicians. Upton believed that republicanism without journalistic freedom was no republicanism at all, whilst Lemass and Boland focused on building a disciplined party machine intent on suppressing dissent, within and without of its ranks.     

新型图书馆用条码识别设备研究

条码技术在图书馆已得到广泛的应用，传统的条码识别设备成本高，功能单一。本文提出一种新的图书馆用条码识别设备，通过普通的视频摄像头结合图像处理和识别算法实现条码自动识别，具有成本低、可扩展性高的优点。实验结果和应用分析表明该设备是一个非常有前景的图书馆自动化设备。     

面向信息检索的排除词识别研究

针对信息检索中存在的词语排除关系问题，给出排除词的定义并说明排除词在信息检索中的作用。指出排除词实质上是最大准交集型歧义切分字段的伪歧义切分所导致的，描述排除词的识别方法，并给出识别的结果，并在实际的信息检索平台上对排除词词库进行应用测评。     

Generalized Hamming Distance

Many problems in information retrieval and related fields depend on a reliable measure of the distance or similarity between objects that, most frequently, are represented as vectors. This paper considers vectors of bits. Such data structures implement entities as diverse as bitmaps that indicate the occurrences of terms and bitstrings indicating the presence of edges in images. For such applications, a popular distance measure is the Hamming distance. The value of the Hamming distance for information retrieval applications is limited by the fact that it counts only exact matches, whereas in information retrieval, corresponding bits that are close by can still be considered to be almost identical. We define a Generalized Hamming distance that extends the Hamming concept to give partial credit for near misses, and suggest a dynamic programming algorithm that permits it to be computed efficiently. We envision many uses for such a measure. In this paper we define and prove some basic properties of the Generalized Hamming distance, and illustrate its use in the area of object recognition. We evaluate our implementation in a series of experiments, using autonomous robots to test the measure's effectiveness in relating similar bitstrings.     

若干新型数字图书保护方法的设计与应用

介绍了目前已有的一些数字图书保护技术，分析了它们的不足之处，提出了两种离线型新型数字图书安全保护方法。     

Information Retrieval from Documents: A Survey

Given the phenomenal growth in the variety and quantity of data available to users through electronic media, there is a great demand for efficient and effective ways to organize and search through all this information. Besides speech, our principal means of communication is through visual media, and in particular, through documents. In this paper, we provide an update on Doermann's comprehensive survey (1998) of research results in the broad area of document-based information retrieval. The scope of this survey is also somewhat broader, and there is a greater emphasis on relating document image analysis methods to conventional IR methods.Documents are available in a wide variety of formats. Technical papers are often available as ASCII files of clean, correct, text. Other documents may only be available as hardcopies. These documents have to be scanned and stored as images so that they may be processed by a computer. The textual content of these documents may also be extracted and recognized using OCR methods. Our survey covers the broad spectrum of methods that are required to handle different formats like text and images. The core of the paper focuses on methods that manipulate document images directly, and perform various information processing tasks such as retrieval, categorization, and summarization, without attempting to completely recognize the textual content of the document. We start, however, with a brief overview of traditional IR techniques that operate on clean text. We also discuss research dealing with text that is generated by running OCR on document images. Finally, we also briefly touch on the related problem of content-based image retrieval.     

A Comparison of Text-Based Methods for Detecting Duplication in Scanned Document Databases

This paper presents an experimental evaluation of several text-based methods for detecting duplication in scanned document databases using uncorrected OCR output. This task is made challenging both by the wide range of degradations printed documents can suffer, and by conflicting interpretations of what it means to be a duplicate. We report results for four sets of experiments exploring various aspects of the problem space. While the techniques studied are generally robust in the face of most types of OCR errors, there are nonetheless important differences which we identify and discuss in detail.     

高校图书馆员职业态度调查与分析

调查高校图书馆员的职业现状,了解一线图书馆员对自身职业的态度。图书馆员存在职业认可度不高;职业信念不坚定;对职业前景消极悲观;职业教育呈现出教育机会少、受教育的愿望强烈等现象,加强职业伦理教育可以缓解这些现象。     

美国图书馆协会专业认可奖励体系

ALA专业认可奖励体系是ALA荣誉体系的核心部分。专业认可奖是与图书馆专业密切相关的一类奖项,类型包括成就奖、宣传奖、建筑设计奖、促进知识自由奖、杰出图书馆奖、读写能力与社会责任奖、儿童及青少年服务奖、弱势人群服务奖、特藏与档案奖、技术奖,管理主体除了ALA外,还包括ALA下属的各部门、分会、办公室和圆桌会议。ALA设立专门奖项委员会负责奖项的协调和管理,奖项的管理过程包括:宣传、提名、评选、发布、颁奖、留档。ALA专业认可奖励体系具有社会力量广泛参与、管理主体丰富多样、内容丰富、覆盖面广等特点。参考文献9。     

方志物产挖掘及系统构建

本文首先根据方志文献的行文特征,设计一个统一规范的方志文献文档处理格式,用于文本文档的预处理.本文建立方志全文数据库,并基于数据库构建一个物产挖掘系统,进行物产信息挖掘,方法如下:通过抽取数据库正名字段内容识别物产正名,通过模式识别方法识别物产异名别称.最后建立包含物产正名和异名别称的物产标引词典,对全部物产文献进行标引,从而挖掘出物产名称.经测试,异名别称的识准率为71.6%,识全率为88.6%,表明系统是可行的.